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Written by

Roxanne Albert, BSN, RNC-OB

Lactational Amenorrhea Method: Postpartum Birth Control

  • Breastfeeding, Motherhood

Table of Contents

Breastfeeding is a beautiful way to nourish your baby, but did you know it can also serve as a natural method of birth control? The lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is a hormone-free option that’s highly effective when certain conditions are met. In this blog, we’ll explore how LAM works, its benefits, and limitations to help you decide if it’s the right choice for your postpartum family planning.

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What is the Lactational Amenorrhea Method?

LAM relies on the natural effects of breastfeeding to suppress ovulation. When a baby latches and feeds, the body releases two key hormones:

  • Oxytocin: Stimulates milk letdown

  • Prolactin: Promotes milk production and suppresses ovulation

By keeping prolactin levels high through frequent breastfeeding, ovulation is delayed, making conception less likely. When used correctly, LAM is 98% effective at preventing pregnancy during the first six months postpartum.

Key Requirements for LAM Effectiveness

For LAM to work as intended, all three of the following criteria must be met:

  1. Baby is less than six months old.

    • Beyond six months, as solids are introduced, the effectiveness of LAM decreases.

  2. Exclusive breastfeeding.

    • Breastfeeding should occur directly at the breast without supplementation (e.g., formula or bottles).

    • Feedings should be spaced no more than four hours apart during the day and no more than six hours at night.

  3. No return of menstrual periods.

    • The absence of menstruation indicates ovulation is still suppressed.

Beyond Six Months

Between six and 12 months postpartum, LAM’s effectiveness decreases slightly to about 92%, even if you’re still breastfeeding frequently and menstruation hasn’t returned. This is because solids are introduced into your baby’s diet, and feeding intervals may naturally lengthen. At this stage, many parents choose to combine LAM with another method of contraception for added protection.

Benefits of LAM

LAM offers several advantages:

  • Cost-effective: It’s completely free, aside from the nutritional needs of the breastfeeding parent.

  • Hormone-free: No additional hormones are introduced into the body, making it ideal for those sensitive to hormonal contraceptives.

  • Immediate effect: Protection begins as soon as the baby is born, provided the criteria are met.

  • Convenience: There’s no need for prescriptions, appointments, or devices.

Programs that can help
App program · 16 weeks Postpartum Return to Fitness Sixteen weeks of rebuilding, four strength sessions a week, with a vaginal or cesarean recovery track and follow-along videos for the first six weeks. Learn more Membership · ongoing Beyond Postpartum Strength Training An ongoing subscription with a new training cycle every 6 to 10 weeks — strength endurance, max strength, then power, with deload weeks and running add-ons. Learn more App program · 64 days Postpartum Return to Running Sixty-four training days, four sessions a week, with plyometrics and running programming beginning at week seven — a structured way back to your first run. Learn more

Limitations of LAM

While LAM is a natural and effective option, it’s not suitable for everyone. Consider the following:

  • Limited time frame: Its high effectiveness is confined to the first six months postpartum.

  • Exclusive breastfeeding required: Parents who pump, supplement with formula, or cannot exclusively breastfeed may not achieve the same effectiveness.

  • Doesn’t protect against STIs: LAM prevents pregnancy but doesn’t reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections.

  • Time-intensive: Frequent breastfeeding can be demanding, both physically and emotionally.

Combining LAM with Other Methods

If you want additional protection or plan to continue breastfeeding past six months, consider supplementing LAM with:

  • Barrier methods: Condoms or diaphragms

  • Hormonal methods: Birth control pills or IUDs that are safe for breastfeeding parents

  • Natural family planning: Monitoring fertility signs to avoid pregnancy

When to Discuss LAM with Your Provider

If you’re considering LAM, a conversation with your healthcare provider can provide valuable insights. Topics to discuss include:

  • Your postpartum recovery and ability to breastfeed exclusively

  • Family planning goals and whether LAM aligns with them

  • Alternative or complementary contraceptive options

Final Thoughts

The Lactation Amenorrhea Method is a natural, effective, and accessible way to prevent pregnancy during the early postpartum months. However, it requires consistent breastfeeding and attention to timing. As with any family planning method, it’s essential to assess your unique situation and consult with your healthcare provider to ensure it’s the right fit for your needs.

Whether you choose LAM or another method, the most important thing is to feel empowered and informed in your postpartum journey. With the right support and resources, you can confidently navigate this transformative time.

Programs that can help
Video course · 3+ hours C-Section Scar Mobilization Over three hours of video on scar mobilization technique and movement for recovery, plus a live webinar every other month you can attend or watch back. Learn more App program · 16 weeks After C-Section Recovery Workout Sixteen weeks of cesarean-specific rebuilding with scar mobilization included — developed with physical therapist and two-time c-section mom Casey. Learn more App program Train for a Marathon After Baby Progressive run workouts and strength training from 5K to the marathon finish — long runs, tempo work, easy miles, and a weekly pelvic stability session. Learn more

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Frequently Asked Questions

How can breastfeeding prevent pregnancy?
When baby latches and feeds, your body releases prolactin, the hormone that promotes milk production and also suppresses ovulation. By keeping prolactin levels high through frequent breastfeeding, ovulation is delayed, making conception less likely. This is the basis of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM), a hormone-free approach to postpartum birth control.
What is the success rate of the lactational amenorrhea method?
When used correctly, LAM is about 98% effective at preventing pregnancy during the first six months postpartum. That effectiveness depends on meeting all three criteria: baby is under six months old, you're exclusively breastfeeding, and your period hasn't returned. Between six and 12 months, effectiveness decreases to about 92%.
Does LAM work if you pump?
Not as reliably. LAM depends on exclusive breastfeeding directly at the breast, without supplementation — parents who pump or supplement with formula may not achieve the same effectiveness. If pumping is part of your routine, you may want to combine LAM with another method and discuss your options with your provider.
Is LAM reliable after 6 months?
LAM's effectiveness decreases to about 92% between six and 12 months postpartum, even if you're still breastfeeding frequently and your period hasn't returned. This is because solids are introduced into baby's diet and feeding intervals naturally lengthen. At this stage, many parents choose to combine LAM with another method of contraception for added protection.
Can I get pregnant if I am breastfeeding and no period?
It's less likely, but still possible. The absence of menstruation indicates ovulation is still suppressed, and when all three LAM criteria are met, LAM is about 98% effective — highly reliable, but not 100%. Effectiveness also dips after six months postpartum, so if preventing pregnancy is a priority, you may want to pair LAM with a backup method.